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Dage Festival of Dongshan Area in Weishan County,Dali

Dage Festival of Dongshan Area(东山打歌) in Weishan County,Dali

“东山打歌”

东山彝族,当地称“东山颇”或“腊罗颇”,又称“米舍巴”,即“蒙舍人”。很可能与南诏蒙舍王室后裔有密切联系。东山不少老人说,他们的祖辈是从城里搬来的,东山彝族比巍山其他地方的彝族对传统文化习俗保留着较完整一些。东山的打歌十分讲究规矩,打歌都有规定的日期,不许随便打歌。各个时节的打歌都必须严格按照规定程序进行。“二月八”是彝族最大的节日。这天彝家要杀鸡宰羊,把宰了的羊挂在树上,用树枝把村口的路堵塞起来,谓之“札大路”。一般情况,村里人都不出去了。傍晚,全村老少打歌起舞,饮酒狂欢,通宵达旦。东山一带打歌后,还要“抢客人”,谁家抢到的客人多,谁家就有福气。每场打歌都有一家做东道主,要事先邀请歌头,开始前先在歌场中烧一堆篝火,再请寨中有声望的老人开场。老人双手将芦笙举过头,呼唤“起、起!”称“祭芦笙”。众人围火喊“呼啊——喂!”才能缓缓进入歌场打歌。打歌中的大刀是圣物,平时要放在公房中,每打一把刀都要杀牛祭祀。不同场合的打歌,用不同的套路和唱词。喜事唱喜调,丧事唱丧曲,农忙时基本上无打歌活动。打歌时,若有不守规矩者,轻则警告,重则逐出歌场。

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