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南涧苗族服饰

南涧传统的苗族服饰,均用多色麻线制作而成。在苗族服饰中,最让人新奇的是女人的头饰。苗族姑娘,习挽犄角形单发髻于头顶,并将髻编于左或右。束发常用纱、绸带,不同的苗族支系,采用的纱、绸颜色和花纹也有所不同,有的还配戴系有“百家锁”的银项圈等。已婚妇女,一般都行编发,并将发辫沿头顶边缘绕起来,而且多以弯月形的梳子卡插于发盘顶心。在苗家人中,妇女的头饰尤其特别,每逢喜事,他们都挽发髻如螺形,用较长的青布或黑布,按纵向折叠为长条,由一端起紧紧地盘绕于适合自己头型的顶制帽基上。在叠绕成的大包头之最外层表面上,配缝以彩带垛叠的横条,钉以32-48个贝雕,环圈密缀十字形亮子线,悬垂约5厘米的小银链数10条,以及小银铃若干串。除精制的头饰外,苗族女人的上衣下着都颇具特色。上衣有平装和礼装,下着有各式褶裙,腰上系的有桃花围腰或有须腰带。有的还有精美别致的短衣,也有特显精巧的无袖布褂,以及彩绣镶边的布凉鞋等。在繁多的苗族服饰中,最显著的特色是,不论衣装大小,也不论上衣下着,在衣领、袖口、裙边、裙底上,都镶有腊染图案和“米”字形花纹的条幅。苗家人穿上自己绣制的服饰,情趣非同一般,尤其是那些将要出嫁的大姑娘或已经过门的新娘子,更会把自己打扮得花枝招展,漂亮迷人,对自己美如画卷的服饰她们也是珍爱如宝。苗族男人的服饰,比女人简单,上衣为对襟短衣,下着裤子,一般也以短裤较多,头饰多为半球形布帽或顶发外露的青色小包头,但都有精制彩绣垛边。大量使用饰物和刺绣,是苗族服饰的最大特色。 

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