Situated in the southwest borderGengma has a long history and splendid culture,and many nationalities, which is a place of enrichment of cultural resources.In the long history of the development process, with diligence and wisdom to create their own distinctive characteristics of national culture.Formed the culture of the Dai and Wa culture as the main body and other national culture with diverse cultural features.Gengma’s intangible cultural is variety.There are many ethnic and folk crafts such as Reconstruction of skin paper(构皮造纸),Build the rule of pottery clay plate(泥条盘筑法陶),embroidery. Also there are various nationalities on from generation to generation, household myths and legends, folk tales,A unique ethnic customs and colorful folk art and Folk Instrumental Music, customs, different styles of ethnic Festival rooted customs and so on.
craftsmanship culture
Known products in Gengma are : Mangtuan White cotton paper of Dai(傣族的芒团白棉纸), MongYong soil pot (勐永土锅), embroidered shoes,(绣花鞋) Wa Wengda drum piers(佤族的翁达鼓墩) the cow blanket(牛肚毯)all with distinctive national characteristics and rich traditional style.
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Dance Cultures
Unique dance culture, and Dai's dance choreography in Gengma that is, towel dance (手巾舞) water dance cage elephant - foot Drum Dance(象脚鼓舞), , double dance including the white elephant dance(白象舞) deer dance马鹿舞.A solo dance that is, the butterfly dan and peacock dance(孔雀舞),Wa people's wooden dance(木古舞)Bisong Dance(毕颂舞),Lusheng dance(芦笙舞),Hair Dance(甩发舞) , Sanxian dance(三弦舞) and so on.
The Va ethnic minority culture
The Va ethnic minority, with a population of 396,610, lives in Gengma,Ximeng, Cangyuan, Menglian, Lancang, Shuangjiang, Zhenkang and Yongde counties in southwestern Yunnan Province.Frequent religious activities were held to obtain protection from deities and ghosts. Every year the activities started with making sacrifices to the deity of water, praying for good weather and good harvests. Cattle were carved up and their tails cut off as offerings. "Latou," or the hunting of human head, remnant of the primitive customs, had been abolished with the influence of the more advanced neighboring ethnic minorities.Apart from sacrificial ceremonies held by the whole village, many families also held their own sacrificial offerings. These involved chickens, pigs or oxen and cost a lot of wealth and time. It was estimated that the Vas in this area spent onethird of their yearly income on religion and superstition, and the amount of labor wasted averaged 60 days per capita annually.
Dai cultural
The Dai, also sometimes spelled Tai, are among 55 officiallylisted Chinese ethnic minorities in China, a country dominated by the Han. They live primarily in the southwestern part of the country, and have their own distinct customs and language. The Dai ethnic group is made up of several smaller groups who live in Gengma,Yunxian, Cangyuan in Lincang.
Dai cultural differences include an alphabetic writing system separate from the characterbased Chinese script. This method of writing has five branches, which are used throughout the Chinese Dai communities. The Dai also have a strong focus on dance, including their famous Peacock Dance,(孔雀舞) and are Buddhists.Dai culture includes many songs and dances, the most popular of which include the Drum Dance(象脚舞) Peacock Dance and Lion Dance. Most dances are accompanied by the elephant foot drum, named for its shape, which can be played by anyone. These drums are relatively long and made of hollowed logs covered with sheep or python skin, then painted bright colors and ornamented with peacock feathers. The drums include a ribbon or strap that allow dancers to sling the instruments over their shoulders, playing as they dance.
A. Peacock Dance in Gengma 孔雀舞
The famous Peacock Dance is notable for its undulating arm and torso motions, as well as several steps that imitate peacock behaviors. These include strolling, looking for water, peering about, bathing, drying the wings and spreading the tail feathers, as well as flying from the nest. These motions are usually interspersed with free-form dance movements decided upon by the performer.
B .Water Splashing Festival of Gengma 泼水节
The Dai calendar start with the Water Splashing Festivalwhich occurS during Chinese New Year. This is the first Buddhist festival of the year, as well as the most important Dai festival. Several tours are available to allow tourists to see this interesting event, which lasts for three days.
The first two days of the festival are marked by dragonboat competitions designed as a method of saying goodbye to the old year. The last day of the Water Splashing Festival is for lucky activities that will welcome the new year and guarantee good luck throughout it.
Early in the morning, everyone in a town or village takes a ceremonial bath, changes into new clothes and goes to the temple. There, they build a tower of sand, which they arrange themselves around to listen to Buddhist scripture. A statue of the Buddha is then carried out into the temple yard and splashed, or bathed, by the women of the village.
This is followed by a playful splashing of water, especially among the younger members of the community. This can involve anyone who might be passing by. The water is thought to bring good luck for the new year to anyone who is splashed, and will usually be accompanied by congratulations.
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